Marie curie timelane12/8/2023 ![]() ![]() She also served as a member of the Atomic Weights Commission from 1950 to 1963. She founded a laboratory that in 1958 became the Laboratory of Nuclear Chemistry in the Center for Nuclear Research, for which she served as director. Perey was made the head of the department of nuclear chemistry at the University of Strasbourg in 1949, where she developed the University's radiochemistry and nuclear chemistry program and continued her work on francium. After obtaining her PhD, Perey returned to the Radium Institute as a senior scientist and worked there until 1949. She graduated from the Sorbonne in 1946 with a Doctorate of Physics. ![]() to fulfill their PhD program requirements before she could earn her doctorate. Perey received a grant to study at Paris' Sorbonne, but because she didn't have a bachelor's degree, the Sorbonne required her to take courses and obtain the equivalent of a B.S. Perey named the element francium, after her home country, and it joined the other alkali metals in Group 1 of the periodic table of elements. Loss of an alpha particle (consisting of 2 protons and 2 neutrons) would turn actinium (element 89, with 89 protons) into the theorized but never-before-seen element 87. ![]() She confirmed this by isolating extremely pure actinium and studying its radiation very quickly she detected a small amount of alpha radiation, a type of radiation that involves the loss of protons and therefore changes an atom's identity. She decided to investigate for herself, theorizing that actinium was decaying into another element (a daughter atom) and that the observed beta particles were actually coming from that daughter atom. In 1935, Perey read a paper by American scientists claiming to have discovered a type of radiation called beta particles being emitted by actinium and was skeptical because the reported energy of the beta particles didn't seem to match actinium. ![]() Marie Curie died of aplastic anemia only five years after Perey began working with her, but Perey and Debierne continued their research on actinium and Perey was promoted to radiochemist. Perey spent a decade sifting out actinium from all the other components of uranium ore, which Curie then used in her study of the decay of the element. Under Marie Curie's guidance at the Radium Institute, Perey learned how to isolate and purify radioactive elements, focusing on the chemical element actinium (discovered in Curie's laboratory in 1899 by chemist André-Louis Debierne). Marie Curie took on a mentoring role to Perey, taking her on as her personal assistant. At the age of 19, she interviewed for a job with Marie Curie at Curie's Radium Institute in Paris, France, and was hired. Perey earned a chemistry diploma from Paris' Technical School of Women's Education in 1929 while not a "degree", it did qualify her to work as a chemistry technician. Although she hoped to study medicine, the death of her father left the family in financial difficulties. Perey was born in 1909 in Villemomble, France, just outside Paris where the Curie's Radium Institute was located. In 1962, she was the first woman to be elected to the French Académie des Sciences, an honor denied to her mentor Curie. In 1939, Perey discovered the element francium by purifying samples of lanthanum that contained actinium. Marguerite Catherine Perey was a French physicist and a student of Marie Curie. ![]()
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